What Is Malware?
Malware is software designed to perform harmful, unauthorized, or unwanted actions on a computer, phone, network, or other device.
Common Types of Malware
Virus
A virus is malicious code that can attach itself to legitimate files or programs and spread when those files are executed or shared.
Worm
A worm can spread between systems without requiring the user to manually copy an infected file.
Trojan
A Trojan disguises itself as legitimate or useful software while performing malicious actions in the background.
Ransomware
Ransomware can prevent access to files or systems and may demand payment from victims.
Spyware
Spyware is designed to monitor activity or collect information without appropriate permission or awareness.
How Malware Can Spread
- Malicious email attachments.
- Fake software or applications.
- Compromised or deceptive websites.
- Untrusted downloads.
- Removable storage devices.
- Exploitation of unpatched software vulnerabilities.
- Social engineering and deceptive messages.
Possible Warning Signs
- Unexpected pop-ups or advertisements.
- Unusual device slowdown.
- Unknown applications appearing on a device.
- Unexpected browser changes.
- Unusual account or network activity.
- Files becoming inaccessible or unexpectedly changed.
- Security software being disabled without your permission.
How to Reduce Your Risk
- Keep your operating system and applications updated.
- Download software from trusted sources.
- Be careful with unexpected attachments and links.
- Use reputable security software when appropriate.
- Maintain backups of important files.
- Use strong, unique passwords and multi-factor authentication.
- Avoid using unauthorized or pirated software.
If You Suspect Malware
Stop interacting with suspicious software or messages and disconnect the affected device from networks when appropriate. Use trusted security tools to investigate, change potentially exposed passwords from a clean device, and seek professional assistance when necessary.